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Wednesday, April 9, 2008

South African Tourism Information

The land of the Rainbow Nation, Nelson Mandela and the Big Five. Breathtaking Bio Diversity , a rich cultural heritage and a friendly professional hospitality industry make South africa an enjoyable and unique holiday destination.

The country is divided into 9 Provinces that cover the southern tip of africa from the Atlantic Ocean in the West to the Indian Ocean on the East Coast. The diversity in climates and ecologies provide for plenty of variety, with some areas enjoying summer sunshine, others gentle drizzle and light mists, or year round rainfall, or to the extreme complete drought. The natural vegetation, marine,animal and abundant bird life are varied enough to draw fascinated visitors back time and again.

what to Do

South africa has many cities which lend themselves to many activities, such as nightclubing, theatres, shopping malls, gambling, fine dining and watching sport.

For the nature lover and adventure enthusiast there are activities such as hiking, mountain climbing, surfing, canoing, sailing, abseiling, scuba diving, fishing, snorkeling, white water rafting and even snow skiing. For the golf enthusiast there are also a number championship golf courses. For the less adventurous there is a wide selection of spas and wellness centres.

For photographers and nature lovers their is ample opportunity to photograph and view the wonders of our diverse wildlife and take an off-road excursion in 4x4 vehicles. One cannot forget our national pastime boerewors, camping and braaivleis (Barbeque) with friends.

General Information

Time Zone
GMT +2

Climate
South Africa has large variations in climate.While Cape Town and the surrounding Western Cape have a Mediterranean climate, the Garden Route has year round rainfall, The inland Karoo is largely arid while the East Coast is hot and humid. The Northern Escarpment attracts summer thunderstorms.

Summer : Oct - March
Winter : May - Aug (possible snow fall in Mountainous regions)

Clothing
Clothing should be cool and light in summer and warm in winter. it is preferable to dress in layers, so that warm clothes can be shed as the temperature can change rapidly in certain regions.

Languages
There are 11 official languages in south Africa, although English and Afrikaans are the most widely spoken. Twenty - Three percent speak Zulu and 17% Xhosa.

Population
South Africa has a population of 44 819 778 of which 32% are under 14.

Health
Anti Malaria precautions should be taken when travelling to Northern and Eastern parts. Tick bite fever in areas where there is long grass. Other than a certificate of inoculation for travelling from a yellow fever area, no other inoculations are compulsory.

Transport
Air Travel internally and internationally is good and fairly frequent. The main international Airport is Johannesburg International. The main seaports are Cape town Durban and Port Elizabeth. The Countries roads are also generally good.

Communications
There are over 5 million telephone lines and 7 million mobile users in the country. Internet connections and cafes are also widely available. There are also numerous radio and television stations.

Electricity
The Electricity supply is 220/240 Volts AC, 50 Hz.

Water
Tap water is safe across the country and bottled water is also obtainable at most supermarket and general stores.

Currency
The national currency is the South African Rand which is divided into 100 cents. All Major credit cards are accepted at most establishments. ATM are also widely available. Travellers cheques can be exchanged at airports and most banking institutions.

Public Holidays
January 1 - New Years Day
March 21 - Human Rights Day
Good Friday (variable)
Easter Monday (variable)
April 27 - Freedom Day
May 1 - Workers Day
June 16 - Youth Day
August 9 - National Womens Day
September 24 - Heritage Day
December 16 - Day of Reconciliation
December 25 - Christmas Day
December 26 - Day of Goodwill

If the public holiday falls on a Sunday the Monday following is a public holiday.

Entry Regulations
All Visitors need a valid passport and proof of return booking. It is advisable to check with South African embassies for Visa requirements.Transit and multi-entry visas are advised for visitors intending to visit neighbouring countries.

For information on travel, tours and safaris in South Africa got to http://www.roamingafrica.com

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Hard Water Problems in the UK

Calcite, the main cause of scale, is the most common form of calcium carbonate and occurs naturally as a natural ingredient of chalk, limestone and marble. water passing over and permeating through such rocks dissolves calcite when this water subsequently flows through a water system the calcite precipitates out to form a very hard scale on surfaces.When hard water is heated, or evaporation takes place, the problems are exacerbated. Calcite forms ever growing layers of rock-like deposits until eventually pipes, jets and equipment become totally blocked. The problem increases as the water gets hotter. Water containing 145 ppm of calcite, flowing at 3.5 litres per minute, produces in one year 4.8 kilograms of scale at 60C. At 80C this rises dramatically to a massive 29.9 kilograms! Scale wastes both energy and financial resources just one eighth of an inch of scale reduces heating efficiency by 25%. It is also very expensive to remove, de-scaling pipes and boilers alone costs British Industry over 800M each year.

hard water substantially increases energy consumption, necessitates equipment downtime for cleaning and results in the early renewal of capital equipment. Executives involved in running a business, local government department or institution are under increasing pressure to cut costs and become more efficient. However this must be carried out with due regard to increasing environmental legislation.

Scalewatcher is a unique, efficient, energy-saving device better than the water softener or a magnet. It is designed to eliminate the problems of hard water, whilst retaining the natural benefits. This is achieved by changing the size of the particles of precipitated compounds, by aiding the ability of crystals to form their shape, and by altering the solubility of compounds within liquid. Scalewatcher takes the process of induced ionisation to its ultimate stage. The principles of Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) are applied by passing scalewatcher's patented signal through a coil wrapped around the pipe to be treated. The signal consists of a frequency modulated (FM) wave form within the audio frequency (AF) bandwidth. This inaudible sonic frequency signal sets up a dynamic field around and through the coil, pipe and water, and modifies the calcium carbonate crystal nuclei. The nuclei upon which the crystals start growing are minute in size and have charged surfaces in their natural condition within the water. When they pass through the field, these naturally charged nuclei encounter considerable forces as the field interacts with them. The field acts at the surfaces of the nuclei and modifies the nature of the electrical charges and this ionisation effect thus alters the growth rate and pattern of the crystals in general and on specific planes.

The principle of magnetic water treatment is not new. The first patent was granted around 1900. Scalewatcher takes this knowledge into the 21st century. The electronic device treats the water by inducing magnetic AND electric fields with a continuous changing frequency. This forces the dissolved minerals such as Calcium and Magnesium to crystallize in the water before the ions settle (hard scale) at walls of piping, bathroom or heating elements of dishwasher and washing machine. This action stops any further build up of hard scale by preventing the settlement of dissolved mineral ions on whatever surface.

Advances in micro-electronics have enabled scalewatcher to produce a system which is so compact that it can be installed in small or normally inexcessable spaces. It is ideal for commercial applications such as laundries, hotels, garages, dentists, correctional centers, restaurants and bakeries. Easily fitted and requiring no plumbing, chemicals or maintenance. Scalewatcher benefits include : increased life for capital equipment, lower energy bills, short term payback, reduced mechanical damage and failure environmentally friendly and hazard free.

The capability of the water to dissolve minerals will also be increased and this is the reason why hard scale layers will be softened, will slowly enter into the water stream, and will disappear down the drain.

Idalia Luczak

Scalewatcher is a unique, efficient, energy-saving device better than the water softener or a magnet.

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